压力对航空煤油RP-3结焦的影响

实验研究航空煤油RP-3在流动状态下的结焦分布情况,并分析了压力对于氧化结焦的影响.实验中采用恒定热流的方式将流经长2 m的单通道不锈钢管(Ф2.2×0.2,1Cr18N i9Ti)中的航空煤油由127℃加热到427℃,质量流量4 g/s,并利用"称重法"获得RP-3结焦数据.通过改变系统压力3,4,5,6,7MPa,研究了压力对RP-3壁面结焦速率的影响规律.实验结果表明,压力的提高,对管壁的结焦有一定的抑制作用,结焦峰值位置也有沿实验段往下游移动的趋势,不同压力情况下的管壁结焦速率分布曲线的形状大致相当.     

Dominant Factors of Metal Jet Breakup in Micro Droplet Deposition Manufacturing Technique

For the solutions of random variations of metal jet breakup and difficulties in controlling and predicting the process parameters (e.g. jet length) in micro droplet deposition manufacturing technique, experimental methods combining with theoretical analyses have been developed. The jet formation, jet length and their dominant factors (oxygen concentration and disturbance frequency, etc.) are discussed. The statistical law of jet length is found that the probability density function (PDF) of jet length is a log-normal distribution. The results show that the formation and size accuracy of metal jet breakup are improved by adjusting the gas pressure and optimizing the disturbance frequency. Under this circumstance, the jet length and morphological deviation can be minimized, which provides a stable droplet stream for the subsequent manufacturing process.     

Effect of Rhenium Addition on Isothermal Oxidation Behavior of Tribaloy T-800 Alloy

The effects of 4 wt% rhenium (Re) addition on isothermal oxidation behavior of Tribaloy T-800 alloy have been studied at 800 °C and 1 000 °C in air. At 800 °C, T-800 shows nonuniform oxidation between dendritic and eutectic areas. Re addition clearly promotes the nonuniform oxidation, leading to considerably higher mass gains than that of T-800 at this temperature. At 1 000 °C exposure, the thickness of scale on T-800 increases significantly, accompanied by severe scale spallation during cooling to room temperature. On the contrary, T-800Re shows a marked decrease of oxide growth rate compared to the linear one of T-800 at 1 000 °C. The scale adhesion is also improved with Re addition at this higher temperature. Therefore, the role of Re depends on the exposure temperature. Re addition gives high oxidation rate at 800 °C, however, the excellent oxidation resistance is obtained by the addition of Re at a higher temperature of 1 000 °C.     

内氧化制备A1_2O_3/Cu复合材料载流条件下表面磨损形貌和摩擦学性能研究(英文)

Two Al2O3/Cu composites containing 0.24 wt.% Al2O3 and 0.60 wt.% Al2O3 separately are prepared by internal oxidation. Effects of sliding speed and pressure on the frictional characteristics of the composites and copper against brass are investigated and compared. The changes in morphology of the sliding surface and subsurface are examined with scanning electron microscope （SEM） and energy dispersive X-ray spectrum （EDS）. The results show that the wear resistance of the Al2O3/Cu composites is superior to that of copper under the same conditions, Under a given electrical current, the wear rate of Al2O3/Cu composites decreases as the Al2O3-content increases, However, the wear rates of the Al2O3/Cu composites and copper increase as the sliding speed and pressure increase under dry sliding condition. The main wear mechanisms for Al2O3/Cu composites are of abrasion and adhesion; for copper, it is adhesion, although wear by oxidation and electrical erosion can also be observed as the speed and pressure rise.     

0Cr15Ni5Cu2Ti钢的高温氧化行为

 采用增重法研究了0Cr15Ni5Cu2Ti钢在500,600,700和800 ℃下的高温氧化行为。利用扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱分析（EDS）、X射线衍射分析（XRD）以及金相显微分析等技术,对氧化膜的形貌、化学形态和组成以及基体组织的特点进行了研究。试验结果表明,在700 ℃以下,0Cr15Ni5Cu2Ti钢的氧化动力学符合抛物线规律,表面生成的氧化膜具有良好的保护性。800 ℃氧化时,随氧化膜厚度的增加内应力迅速增大,氧化膜容易破裂,甚至剥落;不锈钢基体中发生马氏体向奥氏体的逆转变,使贫铬层厚度增加,促进了失稳氧化发生,导致试样表面局部区域容易生成氧化物“瘤”,而加剧氧化。     

新型多元铌合金的高温氧化行为

文摘研究了Nb-15Ti-11Al和Nb-15Ti-11Al-10Si两种多元铌合金在1 100和1 300℃高温下的氧化行为,建立了合金高温氧化动力学模型。结果表明:粉末冶金方法制备的铌合金微观组织细小,大大降低了氧的短路扩散;合金中的钛降低了氧在基体中的固溶度并降低了氧的扩散速率;合金中的硅在高温时形成熔融态的SiO2可有效地抑制Nb2O5的生长,从而保证了氧化膜表面均匀平整。     

快速凝固铝合金粉末表面氧化的研究

应用光电子能谱(Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis)系统研究了快速凝固纯铝粉末及高强Al-7.52n-2.0Mg-2.0Cu,高温Al-4Mn-4Ni-0.6Mg-0.6Zr和超轻Al-3.2Li-1.1Mg-0.3Cu-0.2Zr合金粉末表面结构及氧化层厚度和组成,探讨了合金元素,粉末尺寸及储存条件对粉末表面结构及氧化状况的影响。     

C／C复合材料防氧化复合涂层的制备及其性能

提出并制备一种Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料防氧化复合涂层,其基本结构为ＴｉＣ粘结层／ＳｉＣ氧阻挡层／ＺｒＯ２－ＭｏＳｉ２外涂层,研究了其制备工艺、组织结构、对各单一涂层的防氧化作用及效果进行了分析,并对其抗氧化性能进行了测试。通过比较四种成分组成的抗氧化陶瓷外层的抗氧化性能,结果表明：随着外涂层中ＭｏＳｉ２含量的增多,复合涂层的抗氧化性能增强,其中带有ＴｉＣ／ＳｉＣ／ＭｏＳｉ２涂层的Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料试样在１３００     

3-D C/SiC复合材料的氧化行为

研究了３－ＤＣ／ＳｉＣ复合材料的氧化行为。在航空发动机燃气环境中的实验结果表明,Ｃ／ＳｉＣ复合材料的氧化失重与材料内部的大量孔隙以及涂层和基体中的微裂纹有关,其中基体内部的孔隙起着主要作用。在燃气中氧化后,Ｃ／ＳｉＣ复合材料力学性能的降低幅度比在干燥空气中的小,这是由于燃气中的氧分压较低。     

静态氧化过程中热障涂层的剥落机理

采用静态氧化试验方法,评定了采用阴极电弧镀方法制备ＮｉＣｒＡｌＹ粘结层、电子束物理气相沉积方法制备Ｙ－ＰＳＺ陶瓷层的热障涂层在１１００℃的抗氧化性能。重点研究了粘结层表面预处理方法对陶瓷面层剥落模式及失效界面特征的影响,考察了１１００℃静态氧化过程中涂层的氧化动力学和相结构的变化,讨论了引起陶瓷面层剥落失效的机理。试验结果显示,在本试验条件下,粘结层氧化是陶瓷面层剥落失效的主要原因,这与表面预处理不当导致的粘结层抗氧化性能下降有关。